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"Don't follow me on Twitter"
"Don't you dare follow me on Twitter"
"Ok, I dare you to follow me on Twitter"
"I double dog dare you to follow on Twitter"
You shouldn't follow me on Twitter http:/twitter.com/tweeaks
The context is important too since it appears right after the post, the phrases that look like they are continuations of your post will do better.
I followed the link because I was curious why someone I'm already following would want me to follow them. I assumed "here" was either a different Twitter account or some kind of Twitter add-on.
I hope you'll try the experiment again, but test the conversion rate after someone clicks the link.
You should follow me on twitter here: http://twitter.com/stammy :-)
What happens if you do this (slightly longer sentence increases click-throughs even more?):
You should follow me on twitter by clicking [link]here[/link]
Or this (longer, but link buried):
You should follow me on twitter [link]here[/link] to get my latest updates.
"I occasionally post cool design nuggets <link>here</link> on Twitter" or somesuch.
Here are the character counts in each sentence, with the increase in characters over the base sentence. Not the same, but I feel like they're too similar to be ignored. I suspect you might even get a closer correlation if you look at the area of the sentence, as rendered in the browser.
I'm on Twitter 14
Follow me on Twitter 20 +40%
You should follow me on Twitter 31 +52% / +121%
You should follow me on twitter here 36 +16% / +157%
You could do some tests with font size, as well as with longer but non-imperative sentences, if you wanted to try and rule this out entirely. Google Analytics' Website Optimiser would be a handy way to test all the different permutations.
I think linking like: "You should _follow me on twitter here_" would be more effective and accessible. Did you try that, Dustin?
The book “Psychology of Influence” (great book: http://www.amazon.com/Influence-Psychology-Pers... )
showed that having “because…” greatly increased your chance of persuading the person to do what you want. (Eg, “Can I cut ahead of you because I am in a hurry")
I'm curious how context played with it, I imagine referrers and different articles had various conversion rates. I wonder if that sample size for your 10 articles and countless referrers is big enough. Very interesting study, let us know if you continue to play with it.
An infamous example of this is when researchers thought that yellow fingers caused lung cancer because they forgot to control for that pesky confounding variable - smoking.
Dustin, read about research study design and statistics to improve future work.
Readers, always question how data are produced.
Be a NINJA, not a SAMURAI!<g> http://www.shurikensystems.com/page14/page5/pag...
You're being "stealthy" enough that I'll follow you on twitter...<g>
Given a specific statement ("Follow me on twitter", "I'm on twitter", etc.), each user's choice to click is parametrized by a Bernoulli random variable. Thus, his clickthrough rate, p, is the sample average of these n Bernoulli variables, which, according to the CLT, will be approximately normally distributed with mean p and variance p(1-p)/n [where p=clickthrough rate, and n=sample size]. Confounding isn't an issue in this case, since we have random sampling, i.e. people are randomly assigned to treatment and control groups.
Given that setup, we can use a two-proportion z-test with unequal variances to test against the null hypothesis of no change in clickthrough rate for any pair of statements. Doing this test for the change from "I'm on twitter" to "Follow me on twitter", gives a z-score of about 5.5, which rejects the null hypothesis at the 99% level. The change from "I'm on twitter", to "You should follow me on twitter here" yields a z-score of 14.5, thoroughly rejecting the null again. [Note: Both scores assume sample sizes of 5000, as stated in the post]
More variables would allow you to make even more inferences about clickthrough rates. However, Dustin's simple experiment certainly appears to produce statistically significant results.
If the "follow-me" statements became more forceful and personally identifiable over the life of the test; and if, at the same time, there was an increase in number of people using twitter and/or existing twitter users increased the number of people that they follow, then Dustin's positive click-through results could just be reflecting positive twitter uptake and following patterns generally.
Either way, I love that Dustin took the time to explore this.
And you should follow me on twitter http://twitter.com/juliehamwood
Were you tracking clickthroughs, or new followers? Current content of your stream could obviously be another nuisance.
Like some of the others here, I'm not so sure about your experimental procedure.
Since each change resulted in an improvement, it's possible that the passage of time has more to do with the change in clickthrough than the wording.
For example, as time went by, maybe more people got into Twitter since you started, or maybe, as word spread around about your articles, your rep has grown bigger and people were more eager to follow you. I'd suggest, as a rough way of looking into this, returning temporarily to "I'm on twitter" or "You should follow me on twitter" and see if the clickthrough rate drops back down or not.
Larry
For instance, time, you say you ran this test for a couple of hours in the afternoon PST, that is around 2 pm central time and 3 pm eastern.
Then, depending on the location and demographic of your test sample you can do another set of different assumptions.
That is, people following your blog/site/twitter located zones other than PST have more free time or are more willing to get distracted between 2/3pm and 4/5pm.
Of course mine is just a blind shot, but it would be interesting for the sake of "sociological study" to know the order in which you set up the different phrases.
Was the context (the article) always the same associated to the different phrasing of your "link to twitter"?
I mean, I have no doubts there are factors in the wording and phrasing that change the acceptance rate of different products and contents, otherwise publicity/advertising industry and as well political campaigns/propaganda would not have any to succeed in what they try to achieve but it would be interesting if you could do a better measurement of your test sample.
* Throughput slowdown due to uneven global server load over the test period, including TweetWhale sightings across geographies
* Cross-tabulation for penetration of high-speed internet against the worldwide traffic correlated with twitter acceptance in the various regions
* Browser/platform compatibility issues across both time and space to eliminate any potential bias towards iPhone users using Tweetdeck or VistaPro users on Chrome (without current versions of Adobe plugins, of course).
And MOST importantly,
* The Coriolis effect evident while watching your PPC ad budget swirl down the drain while you conduct Sensitivity Analysis (SA) AND Uncertainty Analysis (UA) to ensure eradication of any Type 1 or Type 2 errors resulting from faulty assumptions about the relevance of each of the myriad possible variables.
Get it?
JUST DO WHAT WORKS.
Carry On!
I _think_ that means they were all done at the same time, but each page load would show a different one.
To offer a different perspective on this, being commanded to follow somebody wouldn't work for me at all; for myself (and I suspect a lot of other people) a polite request would be the deal-breaker.
I suppose it all hinges on the type of people you are hoping will follow you, and why. Personally I'd rather have a few hundred followers who actually read my tweets and are likely to re-tweet me, than twenty thousand followers who have little or no interest in my product and have just added me in the hope of boosting their numbers. As the saying goes, 'horses for courses'.
People listen better when someone talks to you instead of at you. This is also supported by the fact that the old brain is self-cantered and egoistical. Which also means that people don’t really care about your product, they care what it can do for them.
I am wondering how much the click through rate would increase if you would include the benefit statement in that sentence.
and you should follow me on twitter here http://twitter.com/zafarali
"You have a 50/50 chance of winning $1,000,000 if you follow me on Twitter here" might have relatively lower click-thoughs, but a higher ratio of sign-ups...
:)
The nitpicky variables everyone is chattering about on this thread (positive and negative) are probably DWARFED by the traffic and signups directly resulting from just starting the conversation.
Hmmm.... probably something to be learned there...
"Twitter" implies it's the main site, even though the context suggests it may be to your profile. (Suggestions are by their very nature, ambiguous, not specific direction.) "Follow me on Twitter" is a complete action that makes sense to anyone who knows what Twitter is.
(Chris said something very similar.
So, while this experiment is interesting, it's certainly not something I'd use to determine the effectiveness of invitations/commands to follow on Twitter.
Not sure I agree with the conclusion, though. I think 'comprehension was improved' is a more likely explanation than your 'Mind Control' conclusion. One would need to do something a lot more scientific to figure this out definitively.
Obviously it would be quite hard to track the conversion rate, but I'd be interested to see if the landing page makes any difference to the conversion.
Interesting experiment none the less!
Been a social psychologist myself I must say that is a nice piece of investigation. Cheers.
I wonder why did you not add the words "here" while providing links in the following sentence at the bottom of your page :)
"You can learn more about me on my life progress page and on my Posterous."
For example, I'd go with "You should follow me on Twitter." with the link styled in bold with a high-contrast color.
User sees: Shiny, candy-like link text
User feels: Hey, I could click that.
User thinks: Maybe I should click that
… OR if you've done a good setup…
Damn, I'll just FOLLOW him<click!>.
The more insidious reasoning behind this comes from the Ferengi Rules of Digital Acquisition :
"Once you've uttered a call to action, never give the customer a chance to think twice about obeying your command."
In the past, we have also found that the CTA 'click here' generates greater click-through on our interactive banners.
Because 'follow me' is the pertinent action, wheres a hyperlink behind 'twitter' just implies that it's only a link to the twitter homepage.
Did you try a randomized experiment, where the text at the bottom of the post varies?
1. The "here" part is effective because when I see the word "Twitter" underlined, I reflexively think it's just going to take me to the front page of Twitter, which I have no desire to visit. Whereas "here" suggests to me "just click THIS link and you will instantly be following me". That's a big difference.
2. Although I fully agree with your results, I have a problem putting them into use because I *don't* think that most people should follow me on Twitter. If you want to, go ahead, but I feel like if I issue a command like that, I'm making an implied contract with the reader that following me will be worth their time. And it probably won't be... :)
BTW good experiment!
You cannot have this level of click with human on a text link at the bottom of a page. You must be mis-measuring something.
How do you measure click-rate ? How many distinct clicks did you get on each message ?
Regards
And have you considered people's natural interest growth about what you have to say, after the AA.com episode?
I normally don't even bother reading it.
Connie Malamed, Author of Visual Language for Designers
"If you were logged in you would be able to see more operations. "
see for yourself.
http://bugs.adobe.com/jira/browse/FP-1976
If so, how did that sentence+link-text fare?
If so, how did that sentence+link-text fare?
If so, how did that sentence+link-text fare?
Interesting experiment, thanks for sharing.
Eatup Drinkup,
Dave
In jest: have you considered testing black text on white background? Every piece of research that I've read says that reverse text decreases credibility.
Nonetheless--awesome optimization
You should follow me on twitter NOW!
or
Follow me on twitter and win a million pesos, here.
I am going to follow you on twitter now :)... with the belief that you will continue to provide great content. All the best
[Apologies if this has already been covered - I don't have time to read the 97 preceding comments!]
I know this can be accomplished via Twitter too, but thusfar, the bumps my blog has seen in Twitter-sourced visitors has not translated to a corresponding uptick in subscribers.
BTW: Your tweet about monetizing this blog formed the basis for my most recent blog post. The first five hours of answers are captured for posterity: http://loryn.me
Great little article. Thanks for shareing. Amazing how even little tweaks make such fantastic improvement in CTR's
Take care
Hamant
how's that for your ego?
"Follow me on Twitter" Makes us think about following you, instead of just realizing that you have an account.
"You should follow me on Twitter" is more interesting, and more welcoming, not just advertising your Twitter account.
When you give the link, it only makes it easier, so we don't have to go out of our way to find you, we can just click a link.
And of course, I'm now following you on twitter. You should follow me on Twitter here. ")
"Follow me on Twitter for improved sexual prowess"
or
"If you don't follow me on Twitter, I'll eat your kids"
I find it odd that you don't address the fact that your first bit of text uses a capital "T" on "Twitter", but the other text options stick with a lowercase "t." And what about the fact that this text is within a paragraph and not on its own? Did you try including a Twitter icon at all to see if that got any more attention than just text?
Microcopy is extremely important on the web, and how you write it can definitely affect how a user will react to your website or web application. That seems to be the point of this write-up, but the way you've gone and "proven" it isn't quite as solid as one might think.
But I recomment linking the complete line - maybe this will give the click through rate another boost.
And although most of us don't like to admit we were interested somehow in that sentence, and give banal excuses like " ohhh i just clicked because in twitter blablabla or i though it could have something different" the thing is you CLICKED. it worked.
5 star experiment.
"You should follow me on twitter."
I still think using "here" as your link is a usability nightmare, particularly when it's employed in multiple places throughout a page. It makes scanning links exceptionally difficult. I would conjecture that the reason it worked in this case is because of the isolation of the sentence and link.
That is really interesting. I think it's because it sounds more conversational and confident, whereas, Follow me on Twitter is on every goddamned person's blog.
Nice graphics though. Much more interesting than the text.
This is what rocks about the Internet as a medium. It's interactive, and everything can be measured. When you run a split test, it's like asking your users a question, and having them answer (most truthfully) with their actions (usually clicks).
One question I would ask in your next experiment is whether the "here" effect was usability-related, or caused by another linguistic or psychological property.
What I mean is, when I'm scanning a page, I look for links (without thinking about this) and seeing "here" (with the visual emphasis of link treatment) at the end of a sentence, makes me wonder what's going on... and of course in order to find out, I have to read the sentence.
My point is, you might just be making more people aware of your call to action, by way of forcing interest, and this might not be usability-related at all. Definitely something to test, IMO.
BTW, awesome page. I mean... fantastic stuff here! The graphics, layout, typography, content... it's all there.
Specifically, I believe some people would respond negatively to being told what to do, mentally replying 'I'll be the judge of that' when presented with 'You should...'.
I can imagine a scenario where a higher total signup rate would result in a lower actual signup rate of the type of people you're interested in.
You canbe my little stalker :O
Go on. I know you want to.
Did you try taking this to it's logical conclusion and removing all other elements on the page, like the article itself?
I find 1000pt red bold type wrapped in the blink tag helps too!
There is a point to my facetiousness - while these effects are interesting in isolation, and useful to know about, they are just a small part of the workings of the total design.
Dustin, I'm sure you are well aware of this, I'm just concerned that a certain type of person may read this and deduce that 'longer sentences = better clickthrough, THEREFORE lengthening all sentences on my website is purely beneficial'. This is not the logical deduction
Linking the word 'twitter' may suggest that it just links through to twitter, or a page defining twitter rather than your specific twitter page. *shrug*.
Very surprised at how much clickthroughs were increased by adding the word 'here'. Great read!
Thats like putting on a site, 'Look at our great prices <link>here</link>.'
It is moving the link away from the context.
Personally, I don't know if I would want people following me who click on links with the anchor being 'here'.
Despite what the metrics say.
Ever.
You should give me money on paypal here.
First I'd like to congratulate you for the great article and experiment.
However I was wondering if you checked the growth in conversion rates versus the growth of twitter user during the time it took you to make this experiment ?
If the user growth is superior or equal to your conversion rate growth over the same period of time maybe it just means that more readers were on twitter so more users decided to follow you, regardless of the wording you used ?
Just wondering :)
And my blog: http://lateral-adventure.blogspot.com/
your rates are based on which scale of clicks? hundred? thousand?
do you think it is only related to twitter or it can be generalized to all kind of links or social platforms like:
you should follow me on slideshare here: http://www.slideshare.net/ereteog ?
I read in Maria Veloso's web copy book that writing 'because' will increase positive responses. Fact. It's been tested.
The pretty well known story:
'Can I cut in line because I need to use the photocopier.'
(well....so did everyone else in the queue!!)
I'd love to see you test this again with 'you should follow me on Twitter, because xxx.'
I think I'll go for 'you should follow me on Twitter, because I am super.' Fits nicely with my moniker.
Peace all
My personal reaction was "who the ____ you think you are telling me what to do...".
But I still follow you on twitter, you are a witty talented kid.
I just started following you before I read this article ...
Thanks for doing the research and publishing it!
just a sample of my Olivia Munn videos http://www.popscreen.com/pl/837/Olivia_Munn
Damn I love your posts...why don't you offer me some advice on UX for popscreen, I'm all ears.